The Known Good Updated 29 Jul 2026
OpenAI: GPT-5.4 vs OpenAI: o1 ·OpenAI vs OpenAI

OpenAI: GPT-5.4 vs OpenAI: o1 — head-to-head comparison

OpenAI: GPT-5.4 profile OpenAI: o1 profile All comparisons
OpenAI: GPT-5.4 — OpenAI
Quality
#10 of 62
90based on 5 of 7 evaluations
Known Good Index
Speed
#90 of 317
68.0
Output tokens per second
Price
#328 of 370
$5.62
Blended per 1M tokens
In $2.50 · Out $15.00
Cache hit price
#192 of 238
$0.25
per 1M tokens (−90%)
Context
#17 of 375
1.05M
tokens (~1,600 pages)
OpenAI: o1 — OpenAI
Quality
#28 of 62
70based on 5 of 7 evaluations
Known Good Index
Speed
#105 of 317
62.3
Output tokens per second
Price
#360 of 370
$26.25
Blended per 1M tokens
In $15.00 · Out $60.00
Cache hit price
#238 of 238
$7.50
per 1M tokens (−50%)
Context
#228 of 375
200k
tokens (~300 pages)
Summary

On the Known Good Index, OpenAI: GPT-5.4 scores 90 and OpenAI: o1 scores 70 — a 20-point lead for OpenAI: GPT-5.4. They share 3 published evaluations, with OpenAI: GPT-5.4 ahead on 3 and OpenAI: o1 ahead on 0.

Blended pricing is $5.62 per 1M tokens for OpenAI: GPT-5.4 and $26.25 for OpenAI: o1 — OpenAI: GPT-5.4 is about 4.7× cheaper.

Throughput is 68 tokens per second for OpenAI: GPT-5.4 and 62 for OpenAI: o1, with time to first token at 2.5s and 4.5s. OpenAI: GPT-5.4 accepts 1.05M tokens of context against 200k.

OpenAI: GPT-5.4 is proprietary; OpenAI: o1 is proprietary. 2 tracked hosts serve one or both, and 1 serve both.

Generated from tracked data on 29 Jul 2026 · how these comparisons are computed →

At a glance
MetricOpenAI: GPT-5.4OpenAI: o1
Known Good Index 90 based on 5 of 7 evaluations 70 based on 5 of 7 evaluations
Blended $/1M $5.62 $26.25
Output tok/s 68 62
Context window 1.05M 200k
Providers 2 1
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Quality

Known Good Index and the capability indices, side by side

Index scores

Each index is min-max normalised across tracked models and scaled 0–100 from published evaluations. We do not run these evaluations.

MetricOpenAI: GPT-5.4OpenAI: o1
Known Good Index 90 70
Coding Index 89 —
Mathematics Index 98 85
Reasoning Index 88 62
Agentic Index 89 —
Openness Index 5 5
The Known Good

Quality Breakdown

Every evaluation both models report a published score for

Evaluations both models report

Bar = OpenAI: GPT-5.4 · marker = OpenAI: o1 · scores ingested from Epoch AI (CC-BY 4.0)

GPQA Diamond93 / 77
Mock AIME 2024–2598 / 73
Humanity's Last Exam36 / 8

Right-hand figures read OpenAI: GPT-5.4 / OpenAI: o1. OpenAI: GPT-5.4 leads on 3 of 3, OpenAI: o1 on 0.

The Known Good

Arena Elo

Human preference rating from blind pairwise votes

Arena ratings

Elo from blind pairwise votes, ingested from Arena. Higher is better.

MetricOpenAI: GPT-5.4OpenAI: o1
Text Arena 1,452 —
Text Arena (style controlled) 1,465 —
The Known Good

Price & Cost

Published API pricing by token type

Published pricing

USD per 1M tokens. Blended is a 3:1 input:output mix. Live from OpenRouter, cross-checked against models.dev. Lower is better.

MetricOpenAI: GPT-5.4OpenAI: o1
Input $/1M $2.50 $15.00
Output $/1M $15.00 $60.00
Blended $/1M $5.62 $26.25
Cache read $/1M $0.250 $7.500
The Known Good
We publish blended price rather than cost-per-task. Cost-per-task requires token counts from an evaluation suite we do not run. Blended price is computed from published rates and is fully reproducible — see the pricing methodology.

Context Window

Maximum input accepted and maximum output emitted

Context and output limits

Provider-declared limits, from metadata via models.dev and OpenRouter. Higher is better.

MetricOpenAI: GPT-5.4OpenAI: o1
Context window 1.05M 200k
Max output tokens 128k 100k
The Known Good

Speed & Latency

Median throughput and time to first token across hosting providers

Output speedTime to first token
Throughput and latency

Medians across all tracked providers, derived from OpenRouter endpoint telemetry.

MetricOpenAI: GPT-5.4OpenAI: o1
Output tokens/s 68 62
Time to first token 2.5s 4.5s
The Known Good

Providers

Which hosts serve each model, and at what price and speed

2 hosts · 1 serve both
Full provider benchmarks →
Provider OpenAI: GPT-5.4 blendedOpenAI: GPT-5.4 tok/s OpenAI: o1 blendedOpenAI: o1 tok/s
Azure · first party $5.62 59 — —
OpenAI · first party $2.81 59 $26.25 —

Per-host pricing and telemetry from OpenRouter. A dash means that host does not serve that model.

The Known Good
Sources for this page
Pricing & providers — OpenRouter Metadata — models.dev Benchmarks — Epoch AI (CC-BY 4.0)Elo — Arena Full attribution →